Cultural Governance – 聲軌 Soundtraces

1950

自1949年台灣戒嚴開始，國民政府以反共政府對人民生活上各層面的禁錮無所不在，而對於歌曲創作內容的直接施壓，以1950年省新聞處召集的台灣省歌曲影劇書刊審核查禁委員會第七次聯席會報最為明顯。 Following martial law in 1949, the Nationalist government exercised pervasive control over daily life. The most direct pressure on song content came in 1950, when the Taiwan Provincial Information Office convened its seventh joint session of the Committee for Song, Film, Drama, and Publication Review and Censorship.

1960

雷震事件 The Lei Chen Incident

自由中國事件也稱做雷震事件，1960年6月，《自由中國》雜誌社雷震等人結合台灣本土政治菁英著手籌組新的反對黨，9月4日遭國民黨政府當局逮捕，爆發所謂的「雷震案」，反對黨胎死腹中。 In June 1960, Lei Chen of Free China magazine joined forces with Taiwanese political elites to organize a new opposition party. On September 4, they were arrested by the Kuomintang government — the so-called 'Lei Chen Affair' — ending the opposition effort before it began.

1966

台灣推動「復興中華文化運動」 Taiwan Launches the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement

1966年11月12日蔣中正總統於陽明山中山樓落成時發表演說，發起成立中華文化復興運動。該運動外在起因於中華人民共和國正在進行文化大革命，中華民國藉文化復興作為中國正統的象徵。 On November 12, 1966, President Chiang Kai-shek delivered a speech at the inauguration of Zhongshan Hall on Yangmingshan, launching the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement. Prompted by the Cultural Revolution in the PRC, the ROC invoked cultural revival as a symbol of its claim to legitimate Chinese civilization.

1971

內政部頒佈《查禁歌曲》手冊 Ministry of the Interior Publishes Banned Songs Handbook

內政部從1971年7月起，開始編印查禁歌曲手冊給各媒體。還新定了查禁免列日期文號和理由的條款，從此連歌是怎麼被禁的都不清不楚。 Starting in July 1971, the Ministry of the Interior began distributing a banned songs handbook to media outlets. A new provision eliminated the requirement to state the date, document number, or reason for a ban — making it impossible to know how or why any song had been prohibited.

1972

台大哲學系事件 National Taiwan University Philosophy Department Incident

臺大哲學系事件係指1972年12月到1975年6月之間，在國立台灣大學校內，以「反共」之名，對國立臺灣大學哲學系內中國自由派學者進行整肅的一連串行動，並導致臺大哲學系教職員遭解聘，研究所停止招生一年。 Between December 1972 and June 1975, a series of purges were carried out at National Taiwan University in the name of 'anti-communism,' targeting liberal scholars in the Philosophy Department. Faculty were dismissed and graduate admissions were suspended for one year.

1973

出版法頒佈 Publication Law Amendments Tighten Song Censorship

1973年8月，新聞局鑒於流行歌曲的氾濫，特別成立了一個歌曲出版品輔導工作小組，11月，新聞局從警總的手中接管歌曲查禁的工作，由出版品出版小組來執行，嚴格審查淘汰「不良」歌曲。 In August 1973, the Government Information Office established a special task force for pop song publication guidance. In November, song censorship authority was transferred from military intelligence to the GIO's Publication Guidance Group, which assumed strict oversight of 'undesirable' songs.

1974

新聞局要求三台播放三分之一的愛國歌曲 GIO Orders Three TV Networks to Play One-Third Patriotic Songs

1974年7月，新聞局成立「電視事業改進研究小組」，行文要求三家電視台製作節目時，演唱歌曲需有三分之一為「愛國歌曲」、「藝術歌曲」、「徵選歌曲」。 In July 1974, the Government Information Office established a Television Industry Reform Research Group and issued directives requiring the three television networks to ensure one-third of broadcast songs fell into the categories of 'patriotic songs,' 'art songs,' or 'approved competition songs.'

1976

三台聯播 Three Networks Broadcast Anti-Communist Drama Together

從1976年1月12日起，國防部總政戰部開始長期徵用台視、中視、華視周一至周五晚上九點至九點半的時段聯播反共電視連續劇〈寒流〉。 Beginning January 12, 1976, the General Political Warfare Department commandeered the weeknight 9–9:30 PM slots on all three major television networks — TTV, CTV, and CTS — to broadcast the anti-communist serial drama Cold Current simultaneously.

1978

青草地歌謠慈善演唱會 Green Meadow Charity Folk Concert

1978年，楊祖珺因不滿新聞局強制要求演唱淨化歌曲而於台視辭職。同年八月十六日，她在榮星花園舉辦「青草地歌謠慈善演唱會」，為幫助雛妓籌款。這是台灣戰後第一次的戶外大型演唱會。 In 1978, Yang Tzu-chiung resigned from Taiwan Television after refusing the GIO's demand to perform 'purified' songs. On August 16, she held the 'Green Meadow Charity Folk Concert' at Rongxing Garden to raise funds for child prostitution victims — Taiwan's first large-scale outdoor concert in the postwar era.

1979

新聞局「先審後播」 GIO Implements Pre-Broadcast Song Review

1979年前新聞局對歌曲採事後審查，很多歌都是到了很紅之後才被禁，出現了很多鬧劇。為了防止這種笑話一再上演，1979年宋楚瑜上任建立了更嚴密的審查制度，規定所有歌曲，必須在發行及公開播放前都要送審。 Before 1979, the Government Information Office reviewed songs after the fact — many songs became hits before being banned, producing repeated absurdities. To prevent further embarrassment, Soong Chu-yu established a more rigorous review system upon taking office in 1979, requiring all songs to be submitted for approval before release or…

1985

李再鈐雕塑改色事件 Li Tsai-chien Sculpture Repainting Incident

1985年李再鈐的雕塑作品〈低限的無限〉在市立美術館展出，因有人投書認為作品漆成紅色有點像中國共產黨的紅星；當時的北美館館長蘇瑞屏便立即花了八千元將作品改塗成銀色，遭致雕塑家的抗議。 In 1985, Lee Tsai-chien's sculpture Minimal Infinity was exhibited at the Taipei Fine Arts Museum. When a letter-writer complained that its red paint resembled a communist red star, museum director Su Ruiping immediately spent NT$8,000 to have it repainted silver — prompting an artist's protest.

1995

1996

台北市舉辦「超級市民，銳舞狂歡」開放市民街頭狂歡 Taipei City Hosts ‘Super Citizens Rave Party’ Street Celebration

雖然電音與瑞舞活動在90年代都尚未成為主流，但就已成時髦與流行的代名詞，1996年台北市政府起用市民廣場的活動號召即為─超級市民，瑞舞狂歡。 Although electronic music and rave events had not yet entered the mainstream in the 1990s, they had become synonymous with modernity and cool. In 1996, the Taipei City Government used the Citizen Plaza with the event motto: 'Super Citizens Rave Carnival.'

首次被警方中止的電音舞會Tribal Massive Tribal Massive: First Electronic Dance Party Shut Down by Police

1996年，台灣DJ界名號最響亮的@llen 與EDGE在新店梅花湖合辦"Taipei Tribal Massive"，是台灣第一個大型的戶外瑞舞會。活動晚間十點過後，當地警方以活動未經申請為由要求結束活動，主辦單位最後決定停止播放音樂。 In 1996, Taiwan's most prominent DJs @llen and EDGE co-organized a rave at Meihua Lake in Xindian — the first electronic dance party in Taiwan to be forcibly stopped by police.

台北市掃黃波及地下音樂場景 Taipei Vice Crackdown Hits Underground Music Scene

1996年陳水扁任台北市市長期間，執行了一次全面的掃黃行動，針對八大行業大舉取締，許多LIVE HOUSE因而遭波及。 During Chen Shui-bian's tenure as Taipei mayor in 1996, a comprehensive anti-vice operation was launched targeting the 'eight major industries.' Many live music venues were caught in the sweep.

1999

〈噪音管制法〉增修 *Noise Magazine* Control Act Amended

1999年，環保署完成「噪音管制法」的修正，在原有的「分貝管制」之外，大幅增加「行為管制」，所有管制區內包括彈琴、唱歌、鑽牆刨地板、聽音響等，在晚間十點以後都將予以禁止。 In 1999, the Environmental Protection Administration completed amendments to the *Noise Magazine* Control Act. Beyond the original 'decibel regulation,' extensive new 'behavioral regulation' was added — prohibiting playing piano, singing, drilling, and listening to audio equipment after 10 PM in all regulated zones.

2002

行政院發佈「發展文化創意產業計畫」 Executive Yuan Announces Cultural and Creative Industries Development Plan

「文創產業」根據經濟部文化創意產業推動辦公室目前的定義，是指「源自創意或文化積累，透過智慧財產的形成與運用，具有創造財富與就業機會潛力，並促進整體生活環境提升的行業」。 Taiwan's 'cultural and creative industries,' as currently defined by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, refers to 'industries that originate from creativity or cultural accumulation, generate wealth and employment potential through the formation and application of intellectual property, and promote an overall improvement in the living environment.'

媒體密集報導墾丁音樂節藥物問題 Media Frenzy Over Drug Use at Kenting Music Events

2002年的墾丁，除了春天吶喊，大尖山還舉辦了Moonlight 以及Dream Field等兩場戶外電音派對，密集的活動吸引媒體前來以獵奇的筆法密集報導觀眾放蕩行為，其中以壹週刊的「千人吸毒性愛派對」等誇大標題與圖文引起大眾熱議。 In 2002, in addition to Spring Scream, Kenting hosted two outdoor electronic parties at Dajianshan — Moonlight and Dream Field. The cluster of events attracted media coverage luridly sensationalizing audience behavior, most notoriously the Next Magazine's exaggerated headline 'Thousand-Person Drug-Fueled Sex Party.'

華山火鼓會被媒體質疑為搖頭派對 Huashan Fire Drum Gathering Accused by Media of Being a Drug Rave

由林宏璋及吳忠良策畫的第三屆「火舞祭」是，一場火與鼓聲的融和，在華山舉辦的免費戶外音樂晚會，當晚有興趣的人，就可自動上場表演，一旁也設有電子音樂區，由國內外DJ如@llen和fish擔任DJ。 The third 'Fire Dance Festival,' organized by Lin Hung-chang and Wu Chung-liang, was a fusion of fire and drums — a free outdoor music evening at Huashan where anyone interested could perform. An adjacent electronic music zone was hosted by international DJs including @llen and fish.

2003

2nd Floor、TeXound結束營業 2nd Floor and TeXound Close

台北兩間主要的電音舞廳（或者說是夜店）2nd Floor與Texound，在台北舞吧燦爛多姿的2003年因為被視為毒品文化滋長的特殊場所，遭警方施壓而相繼於年底被迫停業。 Taipei's two major electronic dance clubs — 2nd Floor and TeXound — were forced to shut down by year-end 2003. Amid a vibrant nightlife scene, both were pressured by police who regarded them as hotbeds of drug culture.

2005

TheWall與地下社會面臨頻繁臨檢 The Wall and Di Xia She Hui Face Repeated Police Inspections

2005年起，這牆音樂藝文展演空間(THE WALL)及地下社會頻頻因為商業登記法規中沒有適合登記的項目遭罰，導致經營困難且無法表演。 Beginning in 2005, The Wall (THE WALL) and Di Xia She Hui (The Wall's sibling venue) were repeatedly fined because commercial registration regulations had no appropriate category for their type of business, making operations difficult and performances impossible.

2006

NCC成立 National Communications Commission (NCC) Established

2005年10月25日，立法院第6屆第2會期第7次會議通過《國家通訊傳播委員會組織法》後於2006 年2 月22 日成立國家通訊傳播委員會（NCC）。 Following the passage of the National Communications Commission Organization Act on October 25, 2005 during the sixth legislative session, the National Communications Commission (NCC) was formally established on February 22, 2006.

桃園殲滅「搖頭店」 Taoyuan Launches Crackdown to ‘Eliminate Drug Clubs’

2006年桃園縣縣長朱立倫要求當時的桃園縣政府警察局長林德華「三個月內殲滅搖頭店，做不好就下台。」警察局因此大舉掃蕩各大酒吧、舞廳，取締在夜裡狂歌勁舞的青年和男女。 In 2006, Taoyuan County Commissioner Chu Li-luan ordered Police Chief Lin Teh-hua to 'eliminate drug-rave establishments within three months, or resign.' Police subsequently raided bars and dance clubs across the county, arresting young people dancing and singing through the night.

2007

新聞局開辦「補助樂團錄製有聲出版品」案 GIO Launches Band Recording Subsidy Program

為達成扶植臺灣流行音樂產業，協助優秀樂團錄製有聲出版品之目標，自96年起開辦「補助樂團錄製有聲出版品」案，甄選具原創性、富創意及音樂價值、且未發行的樂團作品錄製出版。 To support Taiwan's popular music industry and assist outstanding bands in recording and publishing albums, the Government Information Office launched a 'Band Recording Subsidy Program' in 2007, selecting original, creative, musically valuable, and unreleased band works for production and release.

蘇打綠於台北小巨蛋演唱超時 Sodagreen Overruns Show Time at Taipei Arena

2007 年第一個登上台北小巨蛋的獨立團體「蘇打綠」過於忘情，演唱超過 5 小時並且跨日，使得台北小巨蛋官方不得不訂定超時條款，凡演出超過晚上 11 點都必須罰款，又被稱為「蘇打綠條款」。 In 2007, the first independent band to perform at Taipei Arena, Sodagreen, played with such passion that their set ran over five hours and crossed into the next calendar day. Taipei Arena was forced to institute an overtime policy — any performance exceeding 11 PM would be fined. It became…

2009

「海洋音樂祭」宣佈禁煙禁酒 Ho-Hai-Yan Festival Bans Smoking and Alcohol

2009年北縣光觀局決定，當年的海洋音樂季要走「清新、健康、專業」路線，因此除衛生局首度不發送保險套，現場甚至禁止販賣、飲用菸酒。 In 2009, the Taipei County Tourism Bureau decided that the Ocean Music Festival would adopt a 'fresh, healthy, professional' approach — for the first time, the Health Bureau did not distribute condoms at the event, and the sale and consumption of tobacco and alcohol on-site were prohibited.

2010

國家通訊傳播委員會陸續取締地下電台 NCC Continues Crackdowns on Underground Radio Stations

地下電台，其實就是非法電台，從1989年誕生直到今天，台灣地下電台雖然從不曾合法過，但卻屢禁不絕，背後的原因除了其中涉及的利益鏈條盤根錯節，還跟台灣的民粹風氣有關。 Underground radio stations — in essence, illegal broadcasters — have existed since 1989. Though never legal, Taiwan's underground radio scene has proven impossible to suppress. The reasons include entangled webs of commercial interests as well as Taiwan's populist political culture.

經濟部商業司訂出「音樂展演空間業」分類 Ministry of Economic Affairs Creates ‘Music Performance Venue’ Business Category

Live House的營業項目過去多登記為「冷熱飲食及果汁咖啡菸酒之經營」，但卻遭主管單位以有音樂表演為由禁止演出，2010年後由文建會頒發一紙證書將live house列為「重要藝文展演空間」。 Live houses had long registered their business under the category of 'hot and cold beverages, juice, coffee, tobacco and alcohol retail,' but were prohibited from holding performances by regulators citing the music element. After 2010, the Council for Cultural Affairs issued certificates classifying live houses as 'important arts and performance…

2012

師大夜市事件 Shida Night Market Incident

師大夜市一帶的「社區內戰」起因於居民自救會認為遊走於法律邊緣的「住商合一」區域發展模式，嚴重破壞當地居住環境與治安，因而發起自救活動要求政府單位執法並開罰，波及長期隱身於師大一帶的音樂展演空間。 The 'community civil war' around Shida Night Market was triggered by a residents' self-help association that argued mixed-use development in the legally ambiguous residential-commercial zone had severely degraded the neighborhood's living environment and security. Their campaign to demand government enforcement swept up music performance venues that had long operated quietly…

文建會升格為文化部 Council for Cultural Affairs Elevated to Ministry of Culture

配合中央政府組織改造的啟動，2012年5月20日文建會改制為文化部，任務在於解決文化業務長久以來面臨人力及資源的困境，將政府組織中原本分散的文化事務予以整合為文化部。 As part of central government reorganization, the Council for Cultural Affairs was restructured into the Ministry of Culture on May 20, 2012 — consolidating previously dispersed cultural affairs under a single ministry to address long-standing challenges of insufficient staffing and resources.

樂界人士至立法院抗議地下社會被迫歇業事件 Music Community Protests at Legislature Against Closure of Di Xia She Hui

2012年6月30日台北市都發局與商業處以安全疑慮及違反營業登記項目，不能賣酒為由對地下社會開了勸導單，樂界人士與聲援群眾於7月9日聚集於立法院像文化部喊話，但地下社會仍舊於7月15日宣布歇業。 On June 30, 2012, Taipei's Urban Development Bureau and Commercial Office issued a warning to Di Xia She Hui citing safety concerns and violation of its registered business category — it could not sell alcohol. Musicians and supporters gathered at the Legislative Yuan on July 9, lobbying the Ministry of…

2015

台北市提出台北市聲音地景計畫 Taipei City Proposes Taipei Soundscape Project

自2015年起，台北捷運局藉「捷運聲音地景」計劃的熱行，陸續完成了柔化驗票閘口警示聲、廣播提示旋律、及邀請音樂人創作進站音樂三方案。 Beginning in 2015, the Taipei Metro Bureau implemented a 'Metro Soundscape' project, successively completing three initiatives: softening the alert tones at fare gates, composing broadcast notification melodies, and commissioning musicians to create station entry music.

文化治理 Cultural Governance